[Dave Pape] Graphics hardware & software; Python

Dave Pape's
Class 2 (30 Aug) - Graphics hardware & software; Python

Python

Features:

• Dynamic data typing
  
  
• Automatic memory management
  
  
• Advanced data types (strings, lists, dictionaries)
  
  
• A large standard library
  
  
• Extensible & embeddable

Building Blocks

• Comments
• Numbers
• Strings
• Lists
• Variables
• Operators
• Statements
  • Assignment
  • If - elif - else
  • For loops
  • While loops
• Functions
• Variable scope
• Modules
• Advanced data types

8진수는 영어 문자 o 를 붙여서 표현하고
16진수는 0x를 붙여서 표현하고
10진수는 그냥 표시한다.

% operator (modulo)

pass

Modules are pre-written packages of code that can be used in a Python program.
They are similar to libraries in other languages.

math modules (Numeric and Mathematical Modules)

string modules (string manipulation operations)

keys (키)

Mapping Types -- dict

A class is a data type, for objects that can contain both variables and functions.

A class can implement certain operations that are invoked by special syntax (such as arithmetic operations or subscripting and slicing) by defining methods with special names.

Graphics Pipeline

• Program & data reside in PC memory
• CPU runs program, calling graphics commands
• Commands & data transferred to graphics card
• Images rendered into graphics card memory
• Video display generated from graphics card memory

Interface between CPU & graphics card:

PCI AGP (1x, 2x, 4x, 8x) PCI Express

Interface between graphics card & display:

VGA DVI Composite, S-Video

A scene graph is a tree used to represent a graphical scene.

A scene-graph is a data structure that arranges the logical and often (but not necessarily) spatial representation of a graphical scene.

Graphics APIs

• OpenGL
• Direct3D
  
  
• Performer
• OpenInventor
• OpenSceneGraph
• Java3D
  
  
• Virtools
• OpenDX
• AVS

OpenGL (Open Graphics Library) is a standard specification defining a cross-language cross-platform API for writing applications that produce 2D and 3D computer graphics. http://www.opengl.org/

Direct3D

Performer

Open Inventor, originally IRIS Inventor, is a C++ object oriented retained mode 3D graphics API designed by SGI to provide a higher layer of programming for OpenGL. http://oss.sgi.com/projects/inventor/

OpensceneGraph

Java3D

Virtools

OpenDX

AVS


GLUT (the OpenGL Utility Toolkit) is a library of utilities for OpenGL programs, which primarily perform system-level I/O with the host operating system.