[Ira Greenberg] 1. Code Art

Part One: Theory of Processing and Computational Art
Chapter 1: Code Art


algorithmic beauty
an apparant mathematical pattern
intuitive math
a common visual algorithmic literacy
randomization

Aesthetics + Computation

Casey Reas
Ben Fry
John Maeda

computation; the procedure of calculating; determining something mathemetical or logical methods

The technical innocations of the day most often coincide with parallel developments in aesthetics. Early astrological and calendar systems, across many clultures, combined observed empirical data with richly expressive, mythological narratives as a way of interpreting and ultimately preserving and disseminating the data.

complex algorithmic patterns based upon mathemtatical principles

Qualitative notions of aesthetic beauty are combined with analytical systems for structuring visual data.

Giorgio Vasari
Filippo Brunelleschi
Piero della Francesca
Albert Du''rer
Leonardo da Vinci

Design by Numbers

The core expressive element of computing is at the lower level of computation, most accesible through direct programming.

Computer art history

Egyptian Ahmes Papyrus
Babylonian Salamis tablet (counting board)
Roman hand abacus
suan pan (Chinese abacus)
John Napier - logarithms
Edmund Gunter - pickett circular slide rule

Charles Babbage
Ada Lovelace
Analytical  Engine
 
Konrad Zuse - Z1
John Atanasoff - Mark 1
ENIAC
UNIVAC
Grace M. Hopper

The higher-level symbolic abstraction, nearer to our natural language, allows the coder to think more naturally and thus gain programming literacy more easily.

Jasia Reichardt [The Computer in Art]

There were times in history when scientists, artists, philosophers, engineers, and so forth were all seen as integrated creative practitioners - not divided solely by their perceived utilitarian value in the marketplace.

Admiral Hopper

Mary Flanagan
    http://maryflanagan.com
RAPUNSEL project
    http://mrl.nyu.edu/rapunsel

Code artists

Ben Laposky
www.dam.org/laposky/index.htm
www.atariarchives.org/artist/sec6.php

    William Fetter coined first the term “computer graphics”.
    “oscillons” waveforms
    analog computer


John Whitney Sr.
www.siggraph.org/artdesign/profile/whitney/nowhitney.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Whitney_(animator)

    the title sequence for Hitchcock's Vertigo
    <Catalog>
    “harmonic progression”
   

Herbert W. Franke
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_W._Franke
www.dam.org/franke/index.htm
www.zi.biologie.uni-muenchen.de/~franke/

    speleology (the scientific study of caves)
    Ars Electronica Festival
    [Animation with Mathematica]


Lillian Schwartz
www.lillian.com

    Proxina Centauri, a kinetic sculpture
    1968 Machine Exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA), New York
    Computerworld Smithsonian awards
    [The Computer Artist's Handbook]


Harold Cohen
www.kurzweilcyberart.com/aaron/hi_cohenbio.html
www.viewingspace.com/genetics_culture/pages_genetics_culture/gc_w05/cohen_h.htm
http://grandtextauto.gatech.edu/2003/06/17/harold-cohen-on-artist-programmers/

    artificial intelligence
    AARON
    Ray Kurzweil  www.kurzweilcyberart.com


Roman Verostko
www.verostko.com

    Gyorgy Kepes
    Hodos
    Jean-Pierre He'bert
    Ken Musgrave
    "Algorists"


George Legardy
www.georgelegrady.com

    Pockets Full of Memories


Mark Napier
http://potatoland.org

    Shredder
    Digital Landfall
    Feed
    riot


John F. Simon Jr.
http://numeral.com

    art appliances
    Plexiglas


John Maeda
www.maedastudio.com
www.media.mit.edu/people/bio_maeda.html
http://weblogs.media.mit.edu/SIMPLICITY/

    E. Rudge
    Nancy Allen
    Aesthetics + Computation Group at MIT
    Muriel Cooper
    Ron MacNeil
    Physical Language Workshop


Mary Flanagan
www.tiltfactor.org

    The Adventures of Josie True
    The RAPUNSEL project: a multiuser 3D game to teach middle school girls computer programming
    Art Journal
    Wide Angle
    Intelligent Agent
    Convergence
    Culture Machine


Casey Reas
http://reas.com

    the relationship between conceptual art and software art
    Jared Tarbell of Levitated
    Robert Hodgin of Flight 404
    William Ngan of Metaphorical.net
    {Software} Structures


Jared Tarbell
http://levitated.net
http://complexification.net


Ben Fry
http://benfry.com

    Altair 8800
    Computational Information Design
    Valence


Charles Csuri
http://old.siggraph.org/artdesign/profile/csuri/

Joshua Davis
www.joshuadavis.com

Andy Deck
http://artcontext.org

Amy Franceschini
www.futurefarmers.com

Ken Goldberg
http://ieor.berkeley.edu/~goldberg/index-flash.html

Jean-Pierre He'bert
http://hebert.kitp.ucsb.edu/
http://jeanpierrehebert.com/

John Klima
www.cityarts.com/

Mario Klingemann
http://www.quasimondo.com/

Ruth Leavitt
http://dam.org/leavitt/index.htm

Golan Levin
www.flong.com/

Manfred Mohr
www.emohr.com/

Colin Moock
www.moock.org/

Ken Musgrave
www.kenmusgrave.com/

Yugo Nakamura
http://yugop.com/

William Ngan
http://metaphorical.net/

Josh Nimoy
www.jtnimoy.net/

Josh On
www.futurefarmers.com/josh/

Robert Penner
www.robertpenner.com/

Ken Perlin
http://mrl.nyu.edu/~perlin/

Keith Peters
http://bit-101.com/

Amit Pitaru
http://pitaru.com/

Paul Prudence
www.transphormetic.com/

Daniel Rozin
http://smoothware.com/danny/

Karsten Schmidt
http://toxi.co.uk/

Manny Tan
www.uncontrol.com/

Martin Wattenberg
www.bewitched.com/

Marius Watz
http://unlekker.net/

Mark Wilson
http://mgwilson.com/


code-helper
zealots-JohnG
st33d
seltar
TomC
mflux
metaphorz
arielm
fjen
blprnt
flight404
shiffman
toxi
fry
REAS