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Gonzalez & Woods [Digital Image Processing]

2011. 6. 16. 02:05 Computer Vision
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
Rafael C. Gonzalez & Richard E. Woods
Prentice Hall, 2008

google books: http://books.google.com/books?id=8uGOnjRGEzoC
official website: http://www.imageprocessingplace.com/

Rafael C. Gonzalez 
http://www.eecs.utk.edu/people/faculty/emeritus/gonzalez/main


1. Introduction
 
1.1 What is digital image processing?

digital image processing; processing digital images by means of a digital computer

picture elements = image elements = pels = pixels

image processing -> image analysis -> computer vision



- low-level process: both inputs and outputs are images
  eg. image preprocessing to reduce noise, contrast enhancement, image sharpening
- mid-level process:  inputs generally are images, but its outputs are attributes like edges, contours, identity of objects
  eg. segmentation, description of the objects, classification (recognition)
- higher-level process: recognized objects performs the cognitive functions associated with vision


   
1.2 The origins of digital image processing

halftone 망판(網版)화
http://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=270950
http://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=64830

 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartlane_cable_picture_transmission_system

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punched_tape


"modern digital computer"
with the introduction by John von Neumann of two key concepts: (1) a memory (2) conditional branching, which are the foundation of a CPU
+
mass storage & display systems
=> digital image processing


 
> the birth of digital image processing

- space probe

Work on using computer techniques for improving images from a space probe began at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (Pasadena, California) in 1964 when pictures of the moon transmitted by Ranger 7 were processed by a computer to correct various types of image distortion inherent in the on-board television camera.

- medical diagnosis
Tomography consists of algorithms that use the sensed data to construct an image that represents a "slice" through the object. Motion of the object in a direction perpendicular to the ring of detectors produces a set of such slices, which constitute a three-dimensional rendition of the inside of the object. Tomography was invented independently by Sir Godfrey N. Hounsfield and Professor Allan M. Cormack, who shared the 1979 Nobel Prize in Medicine for their invention.



computerized axial tomography (CAT) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerized_axial_tomography
서울대학교병원: 컴퓨터 단층 촬영 (Computed Tomography)


> applications of digital image processing 
   (1) for human interpretation
   (2) for machine perception


1.3 Examples of fields that use digital image processing

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray

positron emission tomography (PET) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positron_emission_tomography
양전자방출 단층촬영술 http://100.naver.com/100.nhn?docid=281698

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_ray

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet

fluorescence microscopy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescence_microscope
형광현미경 http://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=434197

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visible_light

light microscopy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_microscopy#Optical_microscopy

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thematic_map

http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multispectral_imaging

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense_Meteorological_Satellite_Program

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) http://www.noaa.gov

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_light

Perceptics Corporation http://www.perceptics.com/

radar = radio detection and ranging  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar

사이언스올 과학용어사전: 전파(radio wave) 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_resonance_imaging

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microwaves


acoustic imaging
electron microscopy
synthetic (computer-generated) imaging


psi 평방 인치당 파운드(pounds per square inch: 타이어 등의 압력을 나타낼 때 씀) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pounds_per_square_inch

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasound_imaging

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_microscope

transmission electron microscope (TEM) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_electron_microscopy
투과전자현미경 (透過電子顯微鏡) http://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=432217

scanning electron microscope (SEM) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_electron_microscope
주사전자현미경 (走査電子顯微鏡) http://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=422329


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractal

tiling http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tessellation

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3d_modeling

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_visualization


1.4 Fundamental steps in digital image processing

image acquisition,
image enhancement,
image restoration,
color image processing,
wavelets (-> image data compression / pyramidal representation),
compression,
morphological processing,
segmentation,
(boundary/regional) representation & description (feature selection),
recognition 


1.5 Components of an image processing system

- sensing - physical device (image sensor) + digitizer

- specialized image processing hardware - digitizer + ALU
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_logic_unit

- general-purpose computer

- software - a package of specialized modules 

- mass storage - computer memory / frame buffers (=> zoom, scroll, pan)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_buffer













 
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posted by maetel

Robert L. Solso [The Psychology of Art and the Evolution of the Conscious Brain]

2011. 6. 9. 20:36 Literacy
The Psychology of Art and the Evolution of the Conscious Brain
Robert L. Solso
The MIT Press, 2003
google books: http://books.google.com/books?id=z_cQJgAACAAJ


APS(Association for Psychological Science): Robert L. Solso (1933-2005)  


- To develop connections between cognitive psychology and the related fields of anthropology, computer science, education, linguistics, neuroscience, and philosophy

Stephen E. Palmer http://psychology.berkeley.edu/faculty/profiles/spalmer.html
Visual Perception and Aesthetics Lab @UCB http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~plab/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vision_science

[Cognition and the Visual Arts] The MIT Press, 1994 - google books: http://books.google.com/books?id=zaQCKizo0_8C



Preface

“Art and cognition, and the brain, and consciousness, and evolution have all stood as complex mirrors, all reflecting and amplifying each other.”

In searching for a rational connection between consciousness and art, it was necessary to examine the evolution of the human brain and cognition. Out of these scientific explorations, I have developed a new model describing the evolution of consciousness and its relationship to the emergence of art.


conscious AWAREness

We have a pretty good idea, for example, as to when and how the human brain evolved and when early art emerged, and we have a sound understanding of the workings of the sensory-cognitive system. With this knowledge in hand, it is propitious to consider the evolution of the human brain and the emergence of AWAREness, as they might be related to art. As the brain increased in size and capacity during the upper Pleistocene, additional components of consciousness were added or developed. People became more AWARE in the sense that they were more cognizant, not only of a world that existed in contemporaneous actuality, but of a world that could be imaged. That change took humankind on a wondrous voyage. Men and women could imagine nonpresent things such as what might be behind a bush, where fresh water might be found, and what a nonpresent bull might look like. While other animals had some forms of consciousness, the visionary aptitude of humans to extend consciousness beyond responding to moment-to- moment sensory experiences was spinning into new possibilities previously unseen on this earth. Equipped with expanded conscious AWAREness, people first created art and then technology. The beginning of art is a clear manifestation of the brain’s capacity for imaginative behavior.

All factors—brain, anthropology, cog- nition, and art—were tied together by human consciousness.



Introduction: Art . . . a Tutorial












 
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posted by maetel

Noah Wardrip-Fruin and Nick Montfort's edition [The New Media Reader]

2011. 5. 17. 23:42 Literacy
The New Media Reader
Edited by Noah Wardrip-Fruin and Nick Montfort 
The MIT Press, February 2003

google books: http://books.google.com/books?id=DQYXoRx9CcEC


Noah Wardrip-Fruin  http://games.soe.ucsc.edu/people/noah-wardrip-fruin

Nick Montfort  http://nickm.com




A User's Manual


http://jordanmechner.com/karateka/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karateka_(video_game)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHNT7mR-8d0

cf. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmen_Sandiego





 
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posted by maetel

Velho, Frery & Gomes [Image Processing for Computer Graphics and Vision] (2nd ed)

2010. 11. 11. 16:22 Computer Vision
Image Processing for Computer Graphics and Vision, 2nd ed. 
Velho, Luiz, Frery, Alejandro C., Gomes, Jonas
Springer, 2009


비록 학부 4학년은 아니었더라도 석사 1학기에 봤었다면 좋았을 것을...


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Duda, Hart & Stork [Pattern Classification] (2nd ed)

2010. 11. 11. 01:26 Computer Vision
Richard O. Duda, Peter E. Hart, David G. Stork, Pattern Classification (2nd ed-4th print), Wiley-Interscience

RICHARD O. DUDA
PhD, Professor in the Electrical Engineering Department at San Jose State University, San Jose, California.

PETER E. HART
PhD, Chief Executive Officer and President of Ricoh Innovations, Inc. in Menlo Park, California.

PhD, Chief Scientist, also at Ricoh Innovations, Inc.

lectures: 



cf.
Computer Manual in MATLAB to accompany Pattern Classification, 2nd EditionDavid G. Stork ( Ricoh Silicon Valley ), Elad Yom-Tov, John Wiley & Sons, 2004
loyola: 1관 4층 006.4 S885c 2004
DAVID G. STORK
PhD, Chief Scientist at Ricoh Innovations, Inc., and Consulting Professor of Electrical Engineering at Stanford University. A graduate of MIT and the University of Maryland, he is the founder and leader of the Open Mind Initiative and the coauthor, with Richard Duda and Peter Hart, of Pattern Classification, Second Edition, as well as four other books.

PhD, research scientist at IBM Research Lab in Haifa, working on the applications of machine learning to search technologies, bioinformatics, and hardware verification (among others). He is a graduate of Tel-Aviv University and the Technion.



Preface


"(Our purpose is) to give a systematic account of the major topics  in pattern recognition, based on fundamental principles"

pattern recognition

speech recognition
optical character recognition
signal classification

pattern classification
scene analysis
machine learning

handwriting & gesture recognition
lipreading
geological analysis
document searching
recognition of bubble chamber tracks of subatomic particles
human-machine interface - eg. pen-based computing
human and animal nervous systems

neurobiology
psychology

"We address a specific class of problems - pattern recognition problems - and consider the wealth of different techniques that can be applied to it."

"We discuss the relative strengths and weaknesses of various classification techniques"


statistical methods vs. syntactic methods





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